All terms
Restricting access to something based on what a wallet holds.
Token gating checks a wallet for a specific token or NFT and unlocks content, a chat channel, an event or a discount if it is there. The check is a signature, so nothing moves and no account is created.
It is one of the more practical Web3 patterns because it replaces a membership database with a balance check that any application can perform independently.
A Discord server that only admits holders of a specific NFT is the most common implementation.
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More web3 terms
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Some of these land faster in conversation than in writing. Sessions are one to one and you can ask anything, including the things that feel too obvious to ask.